BROWN STAR

Astronomers have detected a failed star – a brown dwarf!!
This newly discovered brown dwarf is identified as CFBDSIR 1458+10B, and is the dimmer member of the binary brown dwarf system, which is located only 75 light-years from Earth.
Brown dwarfs lack enough mass for gravity to trigger the nuclear reactions that make stars shine, but they’re more massive than what’s typically considered to be a planet.
The system was detected from observations made by the Very Large Telescope at the European Southern Observatory’s Paranal Observatory in Chile. The telescope’s powerful spectrograph was used to study the object’s infrared spectrum and measure its temperature, which was found to be extraordinarily cold by brown dwarf standards.
In fact, CFBDSIR 1458+10 is the coolest brown dwarf binary system found to date, astronomers said.
“We were very excited to see that this object had such a low temperature, but we couldn’t have guessed that it would turn out to be a double system and have an even more interesting, even colder component,” said Philippe Delorme of the French National Center for Scientific Research and the Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble, France.
Delorme is the co-author of a paper on the brown dwarf finding that will appear in an upcoming issue of the Astrophysical Journal.
The dimmer of the two failed stars has been found to have a temperature of approximately 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius), which is the boiling point of water and not much different from the temperature inside a sauna.
Our sun, in comparison, averages a temperature of about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit (5,500 degrees Celsius), researchers have said.
“At such temperatures we expect the brown dwarf to have properties that are different from previously known brown dwarfs and much closer to those of giant exoplanets – it could even have water clouds in its atmosphere,” said Michael Liu of the University of Hawaii’s Institute for Astronomy, who is the lead author of the study. “In fact, once we start taking images of gas-giant planets around sun-like stars in the near future, I expect that many of them will look like CFBDSIR 1458+10B.”
The hunt for cool objects in the cosmos is an active field of astronomy. NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope recently identified two other very faint objects as other possible contenders for the coldest known brown dwarfs, but the temperatures of these stars have not been measured as precisely.
The brown dwarfs seen by the Spitzer Space Telescope have temperatures that range from 350 to 620 degrees Fahrenheit.  Future observations will better determine how the objects found by Spitzer compare to CFBDSIR 1458+10B.
Liu and his colleagues are planning to observe this newly detected brown dwarf again to better determine its properties, and to begin mapping the binary’s orbit, which, after about a decade of observation, should allow astronomers to determine the system’s mass.
A brown dwarf star that contradicts the perception of all stars being hot has been discovered by U.S. astronomers. This brown dwarf star is not hot, but rather about room temperature, they say.
Like normal stars, brown dwarfs form from collapsing gas clouds, but they don’t become massive enough to sustain nuclear reactions, so they briefly shine red from the heat of formation then fade.
Still, before discovering this latest star, the coolest known brown dwarfs were determined to be hot enough to roast any astronauts who might approach too close, NewScientist.com reported Monday.
Pennsylvania State University astronomers used NASA’s infrared Spitzer Space Telescope to detect the glow of this brown dwarf just 63 light years from Earth with a temperature of only 86 degrees Fahrenheit.
The object, orbiting a white dwarf star, has seven times the mass of Jupiter, a figure that would normally classify it as a planet.
Planets, however, form in discs of gas and dust around stars, researchers say, and this object — dubbed WD 0806-661 B –lies too far from its star to be deemed a planet if it formed where it now is.
While hotter than Jupiter, which is at minus 236 degrees F., it is much cooler than the next coolest known brown dwarf star, measured at 212 degrees F.
This means that WD 0806-661 B will act as a “missing link” to reveal how temperature affects the atmosphere and features of objects that are roughly the size of Jupiter, the astronomers said.
Nibiru Tyche, Planet X Brown Dwarf:
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